Equine Atypical Myopathy is a serious condition that can affect horses who consume certain types of trees. In recent years, it has been discovered that sycamore trees, particularly those found in Europe, can be a source of EAM. The condition is caused by a bioactive component called hypoglycin A (HGA), which can be present in high concentrations in the seeds of a tree. In this article, we will explore the risks of sycamore poisoning and how to prevent EAM in horses.
Sycamore trees are commonly found throughout Europe and are known for their large, maple-like leaves and distinctive bark. While they are a beautiful addition to any landscape, sycamore trees can pose a serious risk to horses who graze in the area. Ingesting seeds or other parts of the tree can result in Equine Atypical Myopathy (EAM), a potentially fatal condition.
Equine Atypical Myopathy is a serious condition that can affect horses who consume certain types of trees. In recent years, it has been discovered that sycamore trees, particularly those found in Europe, can be a source of EAM. The condition is caused by a bioactive component called hypoglycin A (HGA), which can be present in high concentrations in the seeds of a tree. In this article, we will explore the risks of sycamore poisoning and how to prevent EAM in horses.
Sycamore trees are commonly found throughout Europe and are known for their large, maple-like leaves and distinctive bark. While they are a beautiful addition to any landscape, sycamore trees can pose a serious risk to horses who graze in the area. Ingesting seeds or other parts of the tree can result in Equine Atypical Myopathy (EAM), a potentially fatal condition.
What is Equine Atypical Myopathy?
Equine Atypical Myopathy is a muscle disorder that affects horses. It is caused by a toxin called hypoglycin A (HGA), which is found in the seeds and seedlings of sycamore trees. When horses consume these parts of the tree, the toxin enters their bloodstream and causes damage to their muscles.
What Causes Equine Atypical Myopathy?
As mentioned, Equine Atypical Myopathy is caused by the toxin hypoglycin A (HGA). This toxin is found in high concentrations in the seeds of sycamore trees, particularly during the spring and autumn months. When horses consume the seeds or seedlings, the toxin is absorbed into their bloodstream and transported to their muscles, where it can cause serious damage.
What Causes Equine Atypical Myopathy?
In severe cases, Equine Atypical Myopathy can be fatal. The symptoms of Equine Atypical Myopathy can vary depending on the severity of the case, but some common signs include:
Muscle weakness and stiffnessDepression and lethargyDark-colored urineDifficulty or rapid breathingAbnormal sweatingColic-like symptomsElevated heart rate
If you notice any of these symptoms in your horse, it is important to seek veterinary care immediately.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Equine Atypical Myopathy
If you suspect that your horse may be suffering from Equine Atypical Myopathy, it is important to contact your veterinarian immediately. Your vet may perform a variety of tests to diagnose the condition, including a blood test to check for elevated levels of muscle enzymes and a muscle biopsy to examine the tissue for signs of damage.
Unfortunately, there is no cure for Equine Atypical Myopathy and the mortality rate can be as high as 75%. Treatment typically involves supportive care, including IV fluids, electrolyte replacement, pain management, and nutritional support with plenty of forage, and or a good fibre product such as feeding Speedi-Beet or Fibre-Beet linas a secondary source to satisfy the behavioural “searching” aspect of grazing. In severe cases, hospitalisation may be necessary.
What Causes Equine Atypical Myopathy?
The best way to prevent Equine Atypical Myopathy is to limit your horse’s exposure to sycamores. This can be done by removing any sycamore trees or seedlings from your horse’s grazing area, or by fencing off areas where sycamores grow. Additionally, it is important to provide your horse with a balanced and nutritious diet to help support their overall health and immune system.
Conclusion
Sycamore poisoning is a serious, sometimes fatal condition to horses, and any horse that grazes on sycamore leaves, seeds or seedlings can be affected. Equine Atypical Myopathy is a condition that has been linked to the bioactive component hypoglycin A (HGA) found in sycamore trees. By understanding the risks of sycamore poisoning and taking steps to prevent it, you can help ensure the health and wellbeing of your horse.
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